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Appendix B Wireless LANs
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
45
Wireless Client WPA Supplicants
A wireless client supplicant is the software that runs on an operating system instructing the
wireless client how to use WPA. At the time of writing, the most widely available supplicant is
the WPA patch for Windows XP, Funk Software's Odyssey client.
The Windows XP patch is a free download that adds WPA capability to Windows XP's built-
in "Zero Configuration" wireless client. However, you must run Windows XP to use it.
WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
You need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the
RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server
looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system.
1 The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.
2 The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants
or denies network access accordingly.
3 The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then
sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically
generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly
communicated between the AP and the wireless clients.
Figure 182 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
WPA(2)-PSK Application Example
A WPA(2)-PSK application looks as follows.
1 First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key
(PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 English keyboard characters or 64 hexadecimal
characters (including spaces and symbols).
2 The AP checks each wireless client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if
the password matches.
3 The AP and wireless clients use the pre-shared key to generate a common PMK
(Pairwise Master Key).
- P-660HWP-Dx 1
- About This User's Guide 3
- Document Conventions 4
- Icons Used in Figures 5
- Safety Warnings 6
- Safety Warnings 7
- Contents Overview 10
- P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide 10
- Table of Contents 11
- Chapter 6 13
- Chapter 7 13
- Chapter 8 14
- Chapter 9 14
- Chapter 10 15
- Chapter 11 15
- List of Figures 21
- List of Tables 27
- List of Tables 31
- Introduction 33
- CHAPTER 1 35
- Table 1 ADSL Standards 36
- 1.4 LEDs 37
- 1.5 Hardware Connections 38
- 1.5.2 Telephone Microfilters 39
- 1.5.3 P-660HWP-Dx With ISDN 40
- CHAPTER 2 43
- 2.2.1 User Access 44
- 2.2.2 Administrator Access 44
- Figure 11 Select a Mode 45
- 2.3.1 Using the Reset Button 46
- 2.4.1 Navigation Panel 46
- 2.4.2 Status Screen 49
- Table 4 Status Screen 50
- 2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table 51
- 2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status 52
- Figure 17 Status: Powerline 53
- Figure 19 System General 55
- CHAPTER 3 59
- Figure 20 Select a Mode 60
- Figure 21 Wizard: Welcome 60
- 3.2.1 Automatic Detection 61
- 3.2.2 Manual Configuration 62
- CHAPTER 4 73
- Figure 39 Select a Mode 74
- Figure 40 Wizard: Welcome 75
- PART III 79
- CHAPTER 5 81
- 5.1.2 Multiplexing 82
- 5.1.4 VPI and VCI 83
- 5.1.5 IP Address Assignment 83
- 5.2 Metric 84
- 5.3 Traffic Shaping 84
- 5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes 85
- 5.5 Internet Connection 86
- Chapter 5 WAN Setup 87
- Chapter 5 WAN Setup 88
- Figure 47 More Connections 90
- 5.6.1 More Connections Edit 91
- 5.7 Traffic Redirect 95
- 5.8 Configuring WAN Backup 95
- Figure 52 WAN Backup Setup 96
- Table 25 WAN Backup Setup 96
- CHAPTER 6 99
- 6.1.2 DHCP Setup 100
- 6.1.3 DNS Server Address 100
- 6.2 LAN TCP/IP 101
- 6.2.2 RIP Setup 102
- 6.2.3 Multicast 102
- 6.2.4 Any IP 103
- 6.3 Configuring LAN IP 104
- Chapter 6 LAN Setup 105
- Table 26 LAN IP 105
- Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup 105
- 6.4 DHCP Setup 106
- 6.5 LAN Client List 107
- 6.6 LAN IP Alias 108
- Figure 60 LAN IP Alias 109
- Chapter 6 LAN Setup 110
- Table 30 LAN IP Alias 110
- CHAPTER 7 111
- 7.2 Wireless Network Setup 112
- 7.3.1 SSID 113
- 7.3.2 MAC Address Filter 113
- 7.3.3 User Authentication 114
- 7.3.4 Encryption 114
- Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 115
- 7.4.1 No Security 116
- 7.4.2 WEP Encryption 117
- 7.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK 118
- 7.4.4 WPA/WPA2 120
- RADIUS server has priority 121
- Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 122
- Figure 67 Advanced 122
- 7.5 OTIST 123
- Figure 68 OTIST 124
- Table 38 OTIST 124
- 7.5.2 Starting OTIST 125
- 7.5.3 Notes on OTIST 126
- 7.6 MAC Filter 127
- 7.7 WMM QoS 128
- 7.7.3 Services 129
- 7.8 QoS Screen 131
- Figure 76 Wireless LAN: QoS 132
- Table 42 Wireless Lan: QoS 132
- CHAPTER 8 135
- P-660HWP-Dx and 136
- Chapter 8 Powerline 137
- Chapter 8 Powerline 138
- CHAPTER 9 143
- 9.1.2 What NAT Does 144
- 9.1.3 How NAT Works 144
- 9.1.4 NAT Application 144
- 9.1.5 NAT Mapping Types 145
- 9.3 SIP ALG 146
- 9.4 NAT General Setup 147
- 9.5 Port Forwarding 148
- 9.7 Address Mapping 151
- Security 155
- CHAPTER 10 157
- Chapter 10 Firewalls 158
- 10.4 Denial of Service 159
- 10.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks 160
- Chapter 10 Firewalls 161
- Figure 94 SYN Flood 161
- Figure 95 Smurf Attack 161
- 10.5 Stateful Inspection 162
- 10.5.3 TCP Security 164
- 10.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security 165
- 10.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols 165
- 10.6.1 Security In General 166
- 10.7.1 Packet Filtering: 167
- 10.7.2 Firewall 167
- CHAPTER 11 169
- 11.3 Rule Logic Overview 170
- 11.4 Connection Direction 171
- 11.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules 172
- 11.4.2 Alerts 172
- 11.6 Firewall Rules Summary 173
- Figure 98 Firewall Rules 174
- Table 60 Firewall Rules 174
- 11.6.2 Customized Services 178
- 11.7 Example Firewall Rule 179
- 10.0.0.15 on the LAN 182
- 11.8 Predefined Services 183
- 11.9 Anti-Probing 185
- 11.10 DoS Thresholds 186
- 11.10.2 Half-Open Sessions 187
- CHAPTER 12 191
- Chapter 12 Content Filtering 192
- Chapter 12 Content Filtering 193
- CHAPTER 13 195
- 13.3 Verifying a Certificate 196
- 13.4 Configuration Summary 197
- 13.5 My Certificates 198
- Chapter 13 Certificates 199
- Chapter 13 Certificates 200
- 13.9 Trusted CAs 206
- 13.10 Trusted CA Details 207
- 13.15 Directory Servers 215
- Advanced 217
- CHAPTER 14 219
- 14.2.1 Static Route Edit 220
- Chapter 14 Static Route 221
- Table 84 Static Route Edit 221
- Chapter 14 Static Route 222
- CHAPTER 15 223
- 15.5 Scheduler 224
- 15.8 Configuring Summary 228
- 15.10 DiffServ 230
- 15.10.2 Rule Configuration 231
- 15.11 Bandwidth Monitor 234
- CHAPTER 16 235
- Chapter 16 Dynamic DNS Setup 236
- Figure 135 Dynamic DNS 236
- Table 97 Dynamic DNS 236
- Chapter 16 Dynamic DNS Setup 237
- CHAPTER 17 239
- 17.2 WWW 240
- 17.3 Telnet 241
- 17.4 Configuring Telnet 242
- 17.5 Configuring FTP 242
- 17.6 SNMP 243
- 17.6.1 Supported MIBs 244
- 17.6.2 SNMP Traps 245
- 17.6.3 Configuring SNMP 245
- 17.7 Configuring DNS 246
- 17.8 Configuring ICMP 247
- 17.9 TR-069 248
- Figure 144 Enabling TR-069 249
- Table 105 TR-069 Commands 249
- CHAPTER 18 251
- 18.2 UPnP and ZyXEL 252
- Table 106 Configuring UPnP 253
- Figure 155 System Tray Icon 258
- Network 260
- Maintenance and 263
- Troubleshooting 263
- CHAPTER 19 265
- Chapter 19 System 266
- 19.2 Time Setting 267
- Chapter 19 System 269
- CHAPTER 20 271
- Chapter 20 Logs 272
- Figure 162 View Log 272
- Table 109 View Log 272
- Chapter 20 Logs 273
- Figure 163 Log Settings 273
- Table 110 Log Settings 273
- 20.3.1 Example E-mail Log 274
- 20.4 Log Descriptions 275
- Table 112 System Error Logs 276
- Table 114 TCP Reset Logs 277
- Table 116 ICMP Logs 278
- Table 117 CDR Logs 278
- Table 118 PPP Logs 278
- Table 119 UPnP Logs 279
- Table 121 Attack Logs 280
- Table 122 IPSec Logs 280
- Table 123 IKE Logs 281
- Table 124 PKI Logs 284
- Table 126 ACL Setting Notes 285
- Table 127 ICMP Notes 286
- Table 128 Syslog Logs 287
- CHAPTER 21 289
- Chapter 21 Tools 290
- 21.2 Configuration Screen 291
- 21.2.2 Restore Configuration 292
- 21.3 Restart 293
- CHAPTER 22 295
- 22.2 DSL Line Diagnostic 296
- CHAPTER 23 297
- V I forgot the password 298
- 23.3 Internet Access 299
- Chapter 23 Troubleshooting 300
- 23.4 Powerline Issues 301
- PART VII 303
- APPENDIX A 305
- 660HWP-Dx 308
- Wall-mounting Instructions 309
- APPENDIX B 311
- Appendix B Wireless LANs 312
- Appendix B Wireless LANs 313
- Fragmentation Threshold 314
- Preamble Type 315
- IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN 315
- Wireless Security Overview 315
- IEEE 802.1x 316
- Types of EAP Authentication 317
- PEAP (Protected EAP) 318
- Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 319
- WPA and WPA2 319
- Encryption 320
- User Authentication 320
- Security Parameters Summary 322
- Antenna Overview 322
- Antenna Characteristics 323
- Types of Antennas for WLAN 323
- Positioning Antennas 323
- APPENDIX C 325
- Example Internal SPTGEN Menus 328
- Appendix C Internal SPTGEN 329
- Table 145 Menu 3 329
- Appendix C Internal SPTGEN 330
- Table 147 Menu 12 332
- Command Examples 339
- APPENDIX D 341
- Installing Components 342
- Configuring 343
- Windows 2000/NT/XP 344
- Macintosh OS 8/9 349
- Macintosh OS X 351
- Verifying Settings 352
- Using Configuration Files 354
- APPENDIX E 357
- Subnet Masks 358
- Subnetting 358
- Example: Two Subnets 359
- Appendix E IP Subnetting 360
- Table 159 Subnet 1 360
- Table 160 Subnet 2 360
- Example: Four Subnets 361
- Example Eight Subnets 362
- Appendix E IP Subnetting 363
- APPENDIX F 365
- Log Commands 366
- Log Command Example 367
- APPENDIX G 369
- Appendix G Firewall Commands 370
- Appendix G Firewall Commands 371
- APPENDIX H 375
- JavaScripts 378
- Java Permissions 379
- JAVA (Sun) 380
- APPENDIX I 381
- NetBIOS Filter Configuration 382
- APPENDIX J 383
- IP Aliasing 384
- APPENDIX K 385
- ZyXEL Limited Warranty 387
- Appendix K Legal Information 388
- APPENDIX L 389
- Appendix L Customer Support 390
- Appendix L Customer Support 391
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