ZyXEL P-2302R Manuel d'utilisateur Page 367
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P-2302R Series User’s Guide
Appendix F Triangle Route 366
APPENDIX F
Triangle Route
The Ideal Setup
When the firewall is on, your Prestige acts as a secure gateway between your LAN and the
Internet. In an ideal network topology, all incoming and outgoing network traffic passes
through the Prestige to protect your LAN against attacks.
Figure 216 Ideal Setup
The “Triangle Route” Problem
A traffic route is a path for sending or receiving data packets between two Ethernet devices.
Some companies have more than one alternate route to one or more ISPs. If the LAN and
ISP(s) are in the same subnet, the “triangle route” problem may occur. The steps below
describe the “triangle route” problem.
1 A computer on the LAN initiates a connection by sending out a SYN packet to a
receiving server on the WAN.
2 The Prestige reroutes the SYN packet through Gateway B on the LAN to the WAN.
3 The reply from the WAN goes directly to the computer on the LAN without going
through the Prestige.
As a result, the Prestige resets the connection, as the connection has not been acknowledged.
- P-2302R Series 1
- Copyright 3
- Federal Communications 4
- Commission (FCC) Interference 4
- Statement 4
- Safety Warnings 6
- ZyXEL Limited Warranty 7
- Customer Support 8
- Customer Support 8 9
- P-2302R Series User’s Guide 10
- 9 Customer Support 10
- Table of Contents 11
- Chapter 4 12
- Chapter 5 12
- Chapter 6 13
- Chapter 7 13
- 21 Table of Contents 22
- List of Figures 23
- List of Tables 29
- About This User's Guide 33
- Related Documentation 33
- User Guide Feedback 33
- Syntax Conventions 33
- Graphics Icons Key 34
- CHAPTER 1 35
- 1.4 LEDs 40
- 1.5 Applications 41
- 1.5.2 Make Calls via IP-PBX 42
- Figure 3 IP-PBX Application 43
- CHAPTER 2 45
- 2.3 Resetting the Prestige 46
- Figure 8 Web Configurator 48
- CHAPTER 3 51
- 3.3.1 Ethernet 52
- 3.3.2 PPPoE Encapsulation 53
- 53 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup 54
- 3.4 Wizard 3: WAN Setup 55
- 55 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup 56
- Table 6 Wizard 3: WAN Setup 56
- 3.5 Wizard 4: SIP 1 Setup 57
- 57 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup 58
- Chapter 3 Wizard Setup 58 59
- 3.6 Wizard Setup Complete 60
- Chapter 3 Wizard Setup 60 61
- Figure 14 Wizard Finish 61
- 61 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup 62
- CHAPTER 4 63
- 4.3.1 Domain Name 64
- Chapter 4 System Screens 64 65
- Figure 15 System General 65
- Table 8 System General 65
- 4.5 Dynamic DNS 66
- 4.6 Configuring Dynamic DNS 66
- Chapter 4 System Screens 66 67
- Figure 16 DDNS 67
- Table 9 DDNS 67
- 4.7 Configuring Password 68
- 4.9 Configuring Time Setting 69
- 69 Chapter 4 System Screens 70
- Figure 18 Time Setting 70
- Table 12 Time Setting 70
- 4.9.1 Resetting the Time 71
- 71 Chapter 4 System Screens 72
- CHAPTER 5 73
- 5.3 DHCP Setup 74
- 5.4 LAN TCP/IP 74
- 5.5 DNS Server Address 74
- 5.6 RIP Setup 75
- 5.7 Multicast 76
- 5.8 Any IP 76
- 5.8.0.1 How Any IP Works 77
- 5.9 Configuring LAN 78
- Chapter 5 LAN Setup 78 79
- Table 13 LAN IP 79
- 5.10 Configuring IP Alias 80
- Chapter 5 LAN Setup 80 81
- Figure 22 LAN IP Alias 81
- Table 14 LAN IP Alias 81
- 81 Chapter 5 LAN Setup 82
- CHAPTER 6 83
- 6.2.2 PPPoE Encapsulation 84
- Chapter 6 WAN Screens 84 85
- 6.4 Configuring WAN IP 86
- Chapter 6 WAN Screens 86 87
- Figure 25 WAN: IP 87
- Table 18 WAN: IP 87
- 87 Chapter 6 WAN Screens 88
- 6.5 Configuring WAN MAC 89
- 89 Chapter 6 WAN Screens 90
- Figure 26 MAC Setup 90
- CHAPTER 7 91
- 7.2.2 SIP Call Progression 92
- 7.2.3 SIP Client Server 92
- 7.2.3.1 SIP User Agent 93
- 7.2.3.2 SIP Proxy Server 93
- 7.2.4 RTP 94
- 7.3 NAT 95
- 7.3.2 NAT Types 96
- 7.3.2.1 Full Cone NAT 97
- 7.3.2.2 Restricted Cone NAT 97
- 7.3.2.4 Symmetric NAT 99
- 7.4 NAT and SIP 100
- 7.5 SIP ALG 100
- 7.6 Use NAT 100
- 7.7 STUN 101
- 7.8 Outbound Proxy 101
- 7.9 Voice Coding 101
- 7.9.1 Pulse Code Modulation 102
- 7.9.2 G.711 102
- 7.9.3 G.729 102
- CHAPTER 8 103
- 103 Chapter 8 VoIP Screens 104
- Figure 37 VoIP 104
- Table 21 VoIP 104
- 8.3 Custom Tones (IVR) 105
- 105 Chapter 8 VoIP Screens 106
- Chapter 8 VoIP Screens 106 107
- Figure 38 VoIP Advanced 107
- 107 Chapter 8 VoIP Screens 108
- Table 23 VoIP Advanced 108
- Chapter 8 VoIP Screens 108 109
- 8.5 Quality of Service (QoS) 110
- 8.5.1 Type Of Service (ToS) 111
- 8.5.2 DiffServ 111
- 8.5.3 VLAN 111
- 8.6 QoS Configuration 112
- CHAPTER 9 113
- 113 Chapter 9 Phone 114
- Figure 41 Phone Port 114
- Table 25 Phone Port 114
- 9.3.1 The Flash Key 115
- 9.3.2.1 European Call Hold 116
- Chapter 9 Phone 116 117
- 9.3.3.1 USA Call Hold 118
- 9.3.3.2 USA Call Waiting 118
- 9.3.3.3 USA Call Transfer 118
- Chapter 9 Phone 118 119
- Figure 42 Phone Port Common 119
- Table 28 Phone Common 119
- 119 Chapter 9 Phone 120
- CHAPTER 10 121
- 121 Chapter 10 Phone Book 122
- Figure 43 Speed Dial 122
- Table 29 Speed Dial 122
- 10.3 Call Forward 123
- 123 Chapter 10 Phone Book 124
- Figure 44 Call Forward 124
- Chapter 10 Phone Book 124 125
- Table 30 Call Forward 125
- 125 Chapter 10 Phone Book 126
- Figure 45 Lifeline 126
- Table 31 Lifeline 126
- CHAPTER 11 127
- 11.5 Auto Firmware Upgrade 128
- CHAPTER 12 129
- 12.1.2 What NAT Does 130
- 12.1.3 How NAT Works 130
- 12.1.4 NAT Application 131
- 12.1.5 NAT Mapping Types 131
- 12.3 SUA Server 132
- 12.4 Configuring SUA Server 134
- Figure 49 SUA/NAT Setup 135
- Table 35 SUA/NAT Setup 135
- Figure 50 Address Mapping 137
- Table 36 Address Mapping 137
- 12.6 Trigger Port Forwarding 139
- Figure 53 Trigger Port 141
- Table 38 Trigger Port 141
- CHAPTER 13 143
- 143 Chapter 13 Static Route 144
- Figure 55 IP Static Route 144
- Table 39 IP Static Route 144
- Chapter 13 Static Route 144 145
- 145 Chapter 13 Static Route 146
- CHAPTER 14 147
- 147 Chapter 14 Firewall 148
- Chapter 14 Firewall 148 149
- Table 41 Firewall: Settings 149
- 14.3.1 LAN-to-WAN rules 150
- 14.4 Services 151
- 151 Chapter 14 Firewall 152
- Figure 59 Firewall: Service 152
- Table 42 Firewall: Service 152
- Chapter 14 Firewall 152 153
- 153 Chapter 14 Firewall 154
- CHAPTER 15 155
- Figure 60 Content Filter 156
- Table 43 Content Filter 156
- CHAPTER 16 159
- 16.2 Configuring Telnet 160
- 16.3 Configuring TELNET 160
- 16.4 Configuring FTP 161
- 16.5 Configuring WWW 162
- 16.6 SNMP 163
- 16.6.1 Supported MIBs 165
- 16.6.2 SNMP Traps 165
- 16.6.3 Configuring SNMP 166
- 16.7 Configuring DNS 168
- 16.8 Configuring Security 169
- Table 52 Security 170
- CHAPTER 17 171
- 17.2 UPnP and ZyXEL 172
- Table 53 Configuring UPnP 173
- Components selection box 174
- Figure 79 System Tray Icon 181
- Network 182
- CHAPTER 18 185
- 185 Chapter 18 Logs 186
- Table 54 View Log 186
- Table 55 System Error Logs 186
- Chapter 18 Logs 186 187
- Chapter 18 Logs 188 189
- Table 60 ICMP Logs 189
- Table 61 CDR Logs 189
- Table 62 PPP Logs 189
- 189 Chapter 18 Logs 190
- Table 63 UPnP Logs 190
- Chapter 18 Logs 190 191
- Table 65 Attack Logs 191
- 191 Chapter 18 Logs 192
- Table 67 ICMP Notes 192
- Chapter 18 Logs 192 193
- Table 68 SIP Logs 193
- 18.1.2 Syslog Logs 195
- 195 Chapter 18 Logs 196
- Chapter 18 Logs 196 197
- Figure 85 Log Settings 197
- 197 Chapter 18 Logs 198
- Table 75 Log Settings 198
- CHAPTER 19 199
- 19.7 Scheduler 201
- 19.9 Bandwidth Borrowing 203
- 19.10 Configuring Summary 204
- 19.12 Configuring Monitor 210
- CHAPTER 20 213
- 213 Chapter 20 Maintenance 214
- Figure 92 System Status 214
- Table 87 System Status 214
- 20.2.1 System Statistics 215
- 20.3 DHCP Table Screen 216
- 20.4 Any IP Table Screen 217
- 20.5 F/W Upload Screen 218
- Chapter 20 Maintenance 218 219
- Figure 96 Firmware Upload 219
- Table 91 Firmware Upload 219
- 219 Chapter 20 Maintenance 220
- 20.6 Configuration Screen 221
- 20.6.2 Restore Configuration 222
- 20.7 Restart Screen 223
- 223 Chapter 20 Maintenance 224
- Figure 104 Restart Screen 224
- CHAPTER 21 225
- Figure 106 SMT Main Menu 227
- Table 94 Main Menu Summary 227
- CHAPTER 22 231
- 231 Chapter 22 General Setup 232
- 233 Chapter 22 General Setup 234
- CHAPTER 23 235
- 235 Chapter 23 WAN Setup 236
- CHAPTER 24 237
- Setup, as shown next 238
- Chapter 24 LAN Setup 238 239
- 24.2.1 IP Alias Setup 240
- Chapter 24 LAN Setup 240 241
- 241 Chapter 24 LAN Setup 242
- CHAPTER 25 243
- 25.4 Basic Setup Complete 245
- CHAPTER 26 247
- 26.2.2 PPPoE Encapsulation 249
- 26.3 Edit IP 251
- 26.4 Remote Node Filter 253
- CHAPTER 27 257
- CHAPTER 28 259
- 28.3 NAT Setup 260
- 28.3.1 Address Mapping Sets 261
- 28.3.1.2 Ordering Your Rules 263
- 28.5 General NAT Examples 266
- Figure 136 NAT Example 2 267
- Figure 138 NAT Example 3 269
- Figure 143 NAT Example 4 271
- CHAPTER 29 275
- CHAPTER 30 277
- Rules Summary 280
- 30.3 Example Filter 287
- 30.4 Filter Types and NAT 289
- 30.5 Applying a Filter 289
- 30.5.1 Applying LAN Filters 290
- CHAPTER 31 291
- CHAPTER 32 293
- 32.2 System Information 295
- 32.2.2 Console Port Speed 296
- 32.3 Log and Trace 297
- 32.3.1.1 CDR 299
- 32.3.1.2 Packet triggered 299
- 32.3.1.3 Filter log 300
- 32.3.1.4 PPP log 300
- 32.4 Diagnostic 301
- 32.4.1 WAN DHCP 302
- CHAPTER 33 305
- 33.2 Backup Configuration 306
- 33.2.4 GUI-based FTP Clients 308
- 33.2.7 TFTP Command Example 309
- 33.3 Restore Configuration 310
- 33.4.1 Firmware File Upload 311
- 33.4.5 TFTP File Upload 313
- CHAPTER 34 315
- 34.2 Call Control Support 316
- 34.2.2 Call History 317
- 34.3 Time and Date Setting 318
- CHAPTER 35 321
- CHAPTER 36 323
- CHAPTER 37 327
- Figure 192 Pop-up Blocker 331
- Figure 193 Internet Options 331
- Figure 194 Internet Options 332
- 37.9.2 JavaScripts 333
- 3 Scroll down to Scripting 334
- 37.9.3 Java Permissions 335
- 37.9.3.1 JAVA (Sun) 336
- Figure 199 Java (Sun) 337
- APPENDIX A 339
- Wall Mounting Specifications 341
- Power Adaptor Specifications 341
- APPENDIX B 343
- APPENDIX C 345
- Installing Components 346
- Configuring 347
- Windows 2000/NT/XP 348
- Macintosh OS 8/9 353
- Macintosh OS X 355
- Verifying Settings 356
- APPENDIX D 357
- Subnet Masks 358
- Subnetting 358
- Example: Two Subnets 359
- 359 Appendix D IP Subnetting 360
- Table 147 Subnet 1 360
- Table 148 Subnet 2 360
- Example: Four Subnets 361
- Example Eight Subnets 362
- Appendix D IP Subnetting 362 363
- 363 Appendix D IP Subnetting 364
- APPENDIX E 365
- How PPPoE Works 366
- Prestige as a PPPoE Client 366
- APPENDIX F 367
- IP Aliasing 368
- Gateways on the WAN Side 369
- 369 Appendix F Triangle Route 370
- APPENDIX G 371
- Numerics 373
- 373 Index 374
- Index 374 375
- 375 Index 376
- Index 376 377
- 377 Index 378
- Index 378 379
- 379 Index 380
- Index 380 381
- 381 Index 382
- Index 382 383
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